Question 1

Is E100 (Curcumin (turmeric)) halal?

Accepted Answer

E100 (Curcumin (turmeric)) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived (turmeric rhizome).

Question 2

Is E101 (Riboflavin (B2)) halal?

Accepted Answer

E101 (Riboflavin (B2)) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Usually microbial/synthetic. Animal-derived forms exist; verify source.

Question 3

Is E102 (Tartrazine) halal?

Accepted Answer

E102 (Tartrazine) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic azo dye.

Question 4

Is E104 (Quinoline Yellow) halal?

Accepted Answer

E104 (Quinoline Yellow) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic dye.

Question 5

Is E110 (Sunset Yellow FCF) halal?

Accepted Answer

E110 (Sunset Yellow FCF) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 6

Is E120 (Carmine / Cochineal) halal?

Accepted Answer

E120 (Carmine / Cochineal) is generally classified as not halal. Extracted from crushed cochineal insects. Most scholars classify insect derivatives as not halal.

Question 7

Is E122 (Carmoisine) halal?

Accepted Answer

E122 (Carmoisine) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic azo dye.

Question 8

Is E124 (Ponceau 4R) halal?

Accepted Answer

E124 (Ponceau 4R) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic azo dye.

Question 9

Is E127 (Erythrosine) halal?

Accepted Answer

E127 (Erythrosine) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic dye.

Question 10

Is E129 (Allura Red AC) halal?

Accepted Answer

E129 (Allura Red AC) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 11

Is E131 (Patent Blue V) halal?

Accepted Answer

E131 (Patent Blue V) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 12

Is E132 (Indigo carmine) halal?

Accepted Answer

E132 (Indigo carmine) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 13

Is E133 (Brilliant Blue FCF) halal?

Accepted Answer

E133 (Brilliant Blue FCF) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic dye.

Question 14

Is E140 (Chlorophyll) halal?

Accepted Answer

E140 (Chlorophyll) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Plant pigment, but it is extracted with solvents that can include ethanol, and the halal additive listing the app follows marks it doubtful. Treat it as doubtful unless the product is halal-certified.

Question 15

Is E141 (Copper complexes of chlorophyll) halal?

Accepted Answer

E141 (Copper complexes of chlorophyll) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Made from chlorophyll (E140), so it inherits E140's solvent-extraction doubt. Treat it as doubtful unless the product is halal-certified.

Question 16

Is E142 (Green S) halal?

Accepted Answer

E142 (Green S) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic dye.

Question 17

Is E150a (Plain caramel) halal?

Accepted Answer

E150a (Plain caramel) is generally classified as halal. Heated carbohydrate; no animal involvement.

Question 18

Is E150c (Ammonia caramel) halal?

Accepted Answer

E150c (Ammonia caramel) is generally classified as halal. Heated carbohydrate with ammonia compounds; no animal involvement.

Question 19

Is E150d (Sulphite ammonia caramel) halal?

Accepted Answer

E150d (Sulphite ammonia caramel) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 20

Is E153 (Vegetable carbon) halal?

Accepted Answer

E153 (Vegetable carbon) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Labelled "vegetable carbon" it is plant-derived and halal, but generic carbon black can be made from animal bone char. Verify the source.

Question 21

Is E160a (Beta-carotene) halal?

Accepted Answer

E160a (Beta-carotene) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Plant origin = halal; gelatin coating on the carrier (especially in beadlets) is the concern.

Question 22

Is E160b (Annatto) halal?

Accepted Answer

E160b (Annatto) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Plant-derived (annatto seed), but extracted with solvents and often sold as a formulated colour whose carriers and emulsifiers the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.

Question 23

Is E160c (Paprika extract) halal?

Accepted Answer

E160c (Paprika extract) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Plant-derived (paprika), but extracted with solvents and often sold as a formulated colour whose carriers and emulsifiers the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.

Question 24

Is E160e (Beta-apo-8-carotenal) halal?

Accepted Answer

E160e (Beta-apo-8-carotenal) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Synthetic carotenoid colour; like E160a, a gelatin coating on the carrier or beadlet is the concern.

Question 25

Is E161b (Lutein) halal?

Accepted Answer

E161b (Lutein) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Plant-derived (marigold), but extracted with solvents and commonly supplied in beadlets or emulsions whose carrier, sometimes gelatin, the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.

Question 26

Is E161g (Canthaxanthin) halal?

Accepted Answer

E161g (Canthaxanthin) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Usually synthetic, but commonly supplied in beadlets whose carrier, sometimes gelatin, the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.

Question 27

Is E162 (Beetroot red / Betanin) halal?

Accepted Answer

E162 (Beetroot red / Betanin) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived (beetroot).

Question 28

Is E163 (Anthocyanins) halal?

Accepted Answer

E163 (Anthocyanins) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Plant-derived (grape skin, red cabbage, berries) and extracted with water, methanol or ethanol. Because alcohol extraction is common, the halal additive listing the app follows marks it doubtful. Doubtful unless certified.

Question 29

Is E170 (Calcium carbonate) halal?

Accepted Answer

E170 (Calcium carbonate) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Usually mined limestone or chalk, but grades made from animal sources exist and the label does not say which was used, so the listing the app follows marks it doubtful.

Question 30

Is E171 (Titanium dioxide) halal?

Accepted Answer

E171 (Titanium dioxide) is generally classified as halal. Mineral-based pigment. (Banned in EU food on safety grounds, but halal in status.)

Question 31

Is E200 (Sorbic acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E200 (Sorbic acid) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic / plant-derived.

Question 32

Is E202 (Potassium sorbate) halal?

Accepted Answer

E202 (Potassium sorbate) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic / plant-derived.

Question 33

Is E211 (Sodium benzoate) halal?

Accepted Answer

E211 (Sodium benzoate) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 34

Is E220 (Sulphur dioxide) halal?

Accepted Answer

E220 (Sulphur dioxide) is generally classified as halal. Mineral / synthetic.

Question 35

Is E223 (Sodium metabisulphite) halal?

Accepted Answer

E223 (Sodium metabisulphite) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic mineral salt.

Question 36

Is E250 (Sodium nitrite) halal?

Accepted Answer

E250 (Sodium nitrite) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Additive itself is halal; usage signals processed meat — verify the meat source.

Question 37

Is E270 (Lactic acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E270 (Lactic acid) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Usually fermentation-derived (halal); some industrial supplies use animal sources. Verify.

Question 38

Is E280 (Propionic acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E280 (Propionic acid) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 39

Is E296 (Malic acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E296 (Malic acid) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic or fruit-derived.

Question 40

Is E300 (Ascorbic acid (Vit C)) halal?

Accepted Answer

E300 (Ascorbic acid (Vit C)) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic / fermentation-derived.

Question 41

Is E321 (BHT) halal?

Accepted Answer

E321 (BHT) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Synthetic antioxidant with no animal-derived ingredient. The halal additive listing the app follows marks it doubtful over its manufacturing process, so treat it as doubtful unless the product is halal-certified.

Question 42

Is E322 (Lecithin) halal?

Accepted Answer

E322 (Lecithin) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Soy lecithin = halal; egg-yolk lecithin = halal but rare; without source, treat as suspect.

Question 43

Is E330 (Citric acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E330 (Citric acid) is generally classified as halal. Microbial fermentation.

Question 44

Is E331 (Sodium citrate) halal?

Accepted Answer

E331 (Sodium citrate) is generally classified as halal. Salt of citric acid.

Question 45

Is E336 (Potassium tartrate (cream of tartar)) halal?

Accepted Answer

E336 (Potassium tartrate (cream of tartar)) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). Salt of tartaric acid, a by-product of winemaking; some scholars treat tartrates as doubtful for that reason.

Question 46

Is E338 (Phosphoric acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E338 (Phosphoric acid) is generally classified as halal. Mineral / synthetic.

Question 47

Is E339 (Sodium phosphates) halal?

Accepted Answer

E339 (Sodium phosphates) is generally classified as halal. Mineral / synthetic phosphate salts.

Question 48

Is E340 (Potassium phosphates) halal?

Accepted Answer

E340 (Potassium phosphates) is generally classified as halal. Mineral / synthetic phosphate salts.

Question 49

Is E341 (Calcium phosphates) halal?

Accepted Answer

E341 (Calcium phosphates) is generally classified as halal. Mineral.

Question 50

Is E385 (Calcium disodium EDTA) halal?

Accepted Answer

E385 (Calcium disodium EDTA) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic.

Question 51

Is E392 (Rosemary extract) halal?

Accepted Answer

E392 (Rosemary extract) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived (rosemary).

Question 52

Is E400 (Alginic acid) halal?

Accepted Answer

E400 (Alginic acid) is generally classified as halal. Seaweed-derived.

Question 53

Is E401 (Sodium alginate) halal?

Accepted Answer

E401 (Sodium alginate) is generally classified as halal. Seaweed-derived.

Question 54

Is E405 (Propylene glycol alginate) halal?

Accepted Answer

E405 (Propylene glycol alginate) is generally classified as halal. Seaweed-derived alginate, esterified.

Question 55

Is E406 (Agar) halal?

Accepted Answer

E406 (Agar) is generally classified as halal. Seaweed-derived; common halal substitute for gelatin.

Question 56

Is E407 (Carrageenan) halal?

Accepted Answer

E407 (Carrageenan) is generally classified as halal. Seaweed-derived.

Question 57

Is E410 (Locust bean gum) halal?

Accepted Answer

E410 (Locust bean gum) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived.

Question 58

Is E412 (Guar gum) halal?

Accepted Answer

E412 (Guar gum) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived.

Question 59

Is E415 (Xanthan gum) halal?

Accepted Answer

E415 (Xanthan gum) is generally classified as halal. Microbial fermentation.

Question 60

Is E417 (Tara gum) halal?

Accepted Answer

E417 (Tara gum) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived (tara seed).

Question 61

Is E420 (Sorbitol) halal?

Accepted Answer

E420 (Sorbitol) is generally classified as halal. Synthetic / plant-derived from glucose.

Question 62

Is E433 (Polysorbate 80) halal?

Accepted Answer

E433 (Polysorbate 80) is generally classified as suspect (mashbooh). The oleic-acid (fatty-acid) component can be plant- or animal-derived. Without a stated source, treat as doubtful.

Question 63

Is E440 (Pectin) halal?

Accepted Answer

E440 (Pectin) is generally classified as halal. Plant-derived (citrus / apple).

Question 64

Is E441 (Gelatin) halal?

Accepted Answer

E441 (Gelatin) is generally classified as not halal. Typically derived from pork bones/skin in industrial markets. Halal/fish gelatin must be explicitly labeled.

E-Code	Common name	Function	Halal status	Why
`E100`	Curcumin (turmeric)	Color (yellow)	Halal	Plant-derived (turmeric rhizome).
`E101`	Riboflavin (B2)	Color (yellow)	Suspect	Usually microbial/synthetic. Animal-derived forms exist; verify source.
`E102`	Tartrazine	Color (yellow)	Halal	Synthetic azo dye.
`E104`	Quinoline Yellow	Color (yellow)	Halal	Synthetic dye.
`E110`	Sunset Yellow FCF	Color (orange)	Halal	Synthetic.
`E120`	Carmine / Cochineal	Color (red)	Not halal	Extracted from crushed cochineal insects. Most scholars classify insect derivatives as not halal.
`E122`	Carmoisine	Color (red)	Halal	Synthetic azo dye.
`E124`	Ponceau 4R	Color (red)	Halal	Synthetic azo dye.
`E127`	Erythrosine	Color (red)	Halal	Synthetic dye.
`E129`	Allura Red AC	Color (red)	Halal	Synthetic.
`E131`	Patent Blue V	Color (blue)	Halal	Synthetic.
`E132`	Indigo carmine	Color (blue)	Halal	Synthetic.
`E133`	Brilliant Blue FCF	Color (blue)	Halal	Synthetic dye.
`E140`	Chlorophyll	Color (green)	Suspect	Plant pigment, but it is extracted with solvents that can include ethanol, and the halal additive listing the app follows marks it doubtful. Treat it as doubtful unless the product is halal-certified.
`E141`	Copper complexes of chlorophyll	Color (green)	Suspect	Made from chlorophyll (E140), so it inherits E140's solvent-extraction doubt. Treat it as doubtful unless the product is halal-certified.
`E142`	Green S	Color (green)	Halal	Synthetic dye.
`E150a`	Plain caramel	Color (brown)	Halal	Heated carbohydrate; no animal involvement.
`E150c`	Ammonia caramel	Color (brown)	Halal	Heated carbohydrate with ammonia compounds; no animal involvement.
`E150d`	Sulphite ammonia caramel	Color (brown)	Halal	Synthetic.
`E153`	Vegetable carbon	Color (black)	Suspect	Labelled "vegetable carbon" it is plant-derived and halal, but generic carbon black can be made from animal bone char. Verify the source.
`E160a`	Beta-carotene	Color (orange)	Suspect	Plant origin = halal; gelatin coating on the carrier (especially in beadlets) is the concern.
`E160b`	Annatto	Color (orange)	Suspect	Plant-derived (annatto seed), but extracted with solvents and often sold as a formulated colour whose carriers and emulsifiers the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.
`E160c`	Paprika extract	Color (red)	Suspect	Plant-derived (paprika), but extracted with solvents and often sold as a formulated colour whose carriers and emulsifiers the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.
`E160e`	Beta-apo-8-carotenal	Color (orange)	Suspect	Synthetic carotenoid colour; like E160a, a gelatin coating on the carrier or beadlet is the concern.
`E161b`	Lutein	Color (yellow)	Suspect	Plant-derived (marigold), but extracted with solvents and commonly supplied in beadlets or emulsions whose carrier, sometimes gelatin, the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.
`E161g`	Canthaxanthin	Color (orange)	Suspect	Usually synthetic, but commonly supplied in beadlets whose carrier, sometimes gelatin, the label does not name. Doubtful unless certified.
`E162`	Beetroot red / Betanin	Color (red)	Halal	Plant-derived (beetroot).
`E163`	Anthocyanins	Color (purple)	Suspect	Plant-derived (grape skin, red cabbage, berries) and extracted with water, methanol or ethanol. Because alcohol extraction is common, the halal additive listing the app follows marks it doubtful. Doubtful unless certified.
`E170`	Calcium carbonate	Color / anti-caking agent	Suspect	Usually mined limestone or chalk, but grades made from animal sources exist and the label does not say which was used, so the listing the app follows marks it doubtful.
`E171`	Titanium dioxide	Color (white)	Halal	Mineral-based pigment. (Banned in EU food on safety grounds, but halal in status.)
`E200`	Sorbic acid	Preservative	Halal	Synthetic / plant-derived.
`E202`	Potassium sorbate	Preservative	Halal	Synthetic / plant-derived.
`E211`	Sodium benzoate	Preservative	Halal	Synthetic.
`E220`	Sulphur dioxide	Preservative	Halal	Mineral / synthetic.
`E223`	Sodium metabisulphite	Preservative	Halal	Synthetic mineral salt.
`E250`	Sodium nitrite	Preservative (cured meats)	Suspect	Additive itself is halal; usage signals processed meat — verify the meat source.
`E270`	Lactic acid	Acidity regulator	Suspect	Usually fermentation-derived (halal); some industrial supplies use animal sources. Verify.
`E280`	Propionic acid	Preservative	Halal	Synthetic.
`E296`	Malic acid	Acidity regulator	Halal	Synthetic or fruit-derived.
`E300`	Ascorbic acid (Vit C)	Antioxidant	Halal	Synthetic / fermentation-derived.
`E321`	BHT	Antioxidant	Suspect	Synthetic antioxidant with no animal-derived ingredient. The halal additive listing the app follows marks it doubtful over its manufacturing process, so treat it as doubtful unless the product is halal-certified.
`E322`	Lecithin	Emulsifier	Suspect	Soy lecithin = halal; egg-yolk lecithin = halal but rare; without source, treat as suspect.
`E330`	Citric acid	Acidity regulator	Halal	Microbial fermentation.
`E331`	Sodium citrate	Acidity regulator	Halal	Salt of citric acid.
`E336`	Potassium tartrate (cream of tartar)	Acidity regulator	Suspect	Salt of tartaric acid, a by-product of winemaking; some scholars treat tartrates as doubtful for that reason.
`E338`	Phosphoric acid	Acidity regulator	Halal	Mineral / synthetic.
`E339`	Sodium phosphates	Acidity regulator	Halal	Mineral / synthetic phosphate salts.
`E340`	Potassium phosphates	Acidity regulator	Halal	Mineral / synthetic phosphate salts.
`E341`	Calcium phosphates	Acidity regulator	Halal	Mineral.
`E385`	Calcium disodium EDTA	Sequestrant	Halal	Synthetic.
`E392`	Rosemary extract	Antioxidant	Halal	Plant-derived (rosemary).
`E400`	Alginic acid	Thickener	Halal	Seaweed-derived.
`E401`	Sodium alginate	Thickener	Halal	Seaweed-derived.
`E405`	Propylene glycol alginate	Thickener	Halal	Seaweed-derived alginate, esterified.
`E406`	Agar	Gelling agent	Halal	Seaweed-derived; common halal substitute for gelatin.
`E407`	Carrageenan	Thickener	Halal	Seaweed-derived.
`E410`	Locust bean gum	Thickener	Halal	Plant-derived.
`E412`	Guar gum	Thickener	Halal	Plant-derived.
`E415`	Xanthan gum	Thickener	Halal	Microbial fermentation.
`E417`	Tara gum	Thickener	Halal	Plant-derived (tara seed).
`E420`	Sorbitol	Humectant / sweetener	Halal	Synthetic / plant-derived from glucose.
`E433`	Polysorbate 80	Emulsifier	Suspect	The oleic-acid (fatty-acid) component can be plant- or animal-derived. Without a stated source, treat as doubtful.
`E440`	Pectin	Gelling agent	Halal	Plant-derived (citrus / apple).
`E441`	Gelatin	Gelling agent	Not halal	Typically derived from pork bones/skin in industrial markets. Halal/fish gelatin must be explicitly labeled.
`E442`	Ammonium phosphatides	Emulsifier	Suspect	Made from glycerol and fatty acids; the fatty-acid source may be animal. Verify.
`E450`	Diphosphates	Raising agent	Halal	Mineral / synthetic phosphate salts.
`E451`	Triphosphates	Stabiliser	Suspect	Mineral phosphate salts (not bone phosphate, which is E542), but commercial preparations may contain animal-protein carriers the label does not name, so the listing the app follows marks them doubtful.
`E452`	Polyphosphates	Stabiliser	Suspect	Mineral phosphate salts (not bone phosphate, which is E542), but commercial preparations may contain animal-protein carriers the label does not name, so the listing the app follows marks them doubtful.
`E460`	Cellulose	Bulking agent	Halal	Plant-derived (purified cellulose).
`E464`	Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	Thickener	Halal	Plant-derived cellulose, chemically modified.
`E466`	Carboxymethyl cellulose	Thickener	Halal	Plant-derived cellulose, chemically modified.
`E470`	Salts of fatty acids	Emulsifier	Suspect	Plant- or animal-derived. Without source, treat as suspect.
`E470b`	Magnesium salts of fatty acids	Emulsifier	Suspect	Fatty-acid component may be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E471`	Mono- and diglycerides	Emulsifier	Suspect	Plant- or animal-derived (incl. pork fat). "From vegetable origin" labelling makes it halal.
`E472a`	Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides	Emulsifier	Suspect	Glyceride esters with the same source ambiguity as E471 — plant or animal (incl. pork) fat.
`E472b`	Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides	Emulsifier	Suspect	Glyceride esters with the same source ambiguity as E471 — plant or animal fat.
`E472e`	DATEM	Emulsifier (bread)	Suspect	Same source ambiguity as E471.
`E473`	Sucrose esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier	Suspect	Fatty-acid component may be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E475`	Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier	Suspect	Both the glycerol and fatty-acid components can be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E476`	Polyglycerol polyricinoleate	Emulsifier	Suspect	Castor-oil based, but the polyglycerol (glycerol) component can be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E477`	Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier	Suspect	Fatty-acid component may be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E481`	Sodium stearoyl lactylate	Emulsifier	Suspect	Stearate component may be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E482`	Calcium stearoyl lactylate	Emulsifier	Suspect	The stearoyl (stearic-acid) component may be animal-derived, like E481. Verify source.
`E491`	Sorbitan monostearate	Emulsifier	Suspect	The stearate (fatty-acid) component may be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E492`	Sorbitan tristearate	Emulsifier	Suspect	The stearate (fatty-acid) component may be animal-derived. Verify source.
`E500`	Sodium carbonate	Acidity regulator	Halal	Mineral / synthetic.
`E501`	Potassium carbonate	Acidity regulator	Halal	Mineral / synthetic.
`E503`	Ammonium carbonate	Raising agent	Halal	Mineral / synthetic.
`E509`	Calcium chloride	Firming agent	Halal	Mineral salt.
`E516`	Calcium sulphate	Firming agent	Halal	Mineral.
`E542`	Bone phosphate	Anticaking	Suspect	Made from animal bones. It is permissible only if the bones come from halal-slaughtered animals, which the label never states, so treat it as doubtful. It is not an approved additive in the EU or UK.
`E551`	Silicon dioxide	Anticaking	Halal	Mineral.
`E570`	Stearic acid	Glazing / emulsifier	Suspect	Plant or animal source. Animal-derived (pork or beef tallow) is industrially common.
`E621`	MSG (monosodium glutamate)	Flavour enhancer	Suspect	Made by bacterial fermentation of plant sugars or starch, with no animal ingredient in the MSG itself. The doubt is the process: the growth medium can involve animal-derived enzymes, as in Indonesia's 2001 Ajinomoto recall over a pork-derived enzyme. Halal-certified MSG is common; uncertified MSG is doubtful.
`E627`	Disodium guanylate	Flavour enhancer	Suspect	Usually made by microbial fermentation, but it can also be extracted from fish or meat, and labels rarely state the source. Frequently paired with E631. Doubtful unless certified.
`E631`	Disodium inosinate	Flavour enhancer	Suspect	The leading producers make it by fermentation, but it can also be extracted from meat or fish, and labels rarely state the source. Doubtful unless certified.
`E635`	Disodium ribonucleotides	Flavour enhancer	Suspect	A blend of E627 and E631, so it inherits their source doubt. Doubtful unless certified.
`E422`	Glycerol / Glycerin	Humectant / sweetener	Suspect	Plant- or animal-derived (including pork). Without "vegetable glycerin" labelling, treat as suspect.
`E901`	Beeswax	Glazing agent	Suspect	A bee product, which most scholars consider permissible, but the halal additive listing the app follows marks beeswax glazes doubtful. Check for certification.
`E903`	Carnauba wax	Glazing agent	Halal	Plant-derived (carnauba palm leaves).
`E904`	Shellac	Glazing agent	Suspect	A resin secreted by the lac insect. Rulings differ: Indonesia's MUI rules it permissible (fatwa 27/2013), while scholars who forbid eating insects avoid it. Doubtful.
`E920`	L-Cysteine	Dough conditioner	Suspect	Made from human hair (haram), pig bristles (haram), poultry feathers, or by microbial fermentation. The source decides, and labels rarely state it; the EU bars human hair as a source. Doubtful unless certified or declared as fermentation-derived.
`E951`	Aspartame	Sweetener	Suspect	Made from two amino acids that are produced by fermentation. The doubt is the fermentation media and enzymes, which the label does not name. Halal-certified aspartame exists; uncertified is doubtful.
`E955`	Sucralose	Sweetener	Halal	Synthetic sweetener derived from sugar.
`E1100`	Amylase	Enzyme (baking)	Suspect	Microbial / plant / animal sources possible. Verify if "microbial enzyme" not stated.
`E1200`	Polydextrose	Bulking agent	Halal	Synthetic from glucose.
`E1404`	Oxidized starch	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived starch, chemically modified. No animal involvement.
`E1410`	Monostarch phosphate	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived.
`E1412`	Distarch phosphate	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived starch, modified with phosphate. No animal involvement.
`E1414`	Acetylated distarch phosphate	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived.
`E1420`	Acetylated starch	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived starch treated with acetic anhydride. No animal involvement.
`E1422`	Acetylated distarch adipate	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived.
`E1442`	Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived starch, chemically modified. No animal involvement.
`E1450`	Starch sodium octenyl succinate	Modified starch	Halal	Plant-derived (starch + plant-based succinate). No animal involvement.

E-Code Reference: Halal Status of Food Additives

How to read this table

Want this in your pocket?